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Mandel
wissenschaftl. Name:
Prunus dulcis
französisch: Amande
englisch: Almond
spanisch: Almendra
italienisch: Mandorla
![](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../bienchoisir4.gif)
![](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../composition4.gif)
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Erhältlich
sind Mandelkerne und Mandeln mit samt der porösen, leicht zerbrechlichen
Schale in getrockneter Form. Doch eher unbekannt sind bei uns frische
Mandeln, d.h. die Mandel ist noch in ihrem hartfleischigen, grünen
Mantel eingepackt. |
![Frische Mandeln mit grüner Außenschale](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/amande/amande3.gif) |
Sie sind sehr cremig,
sahnig und milchig im Geschmack mit nicht so starkem Aroma wie in getrockneter
Form. Vorwiegend werden frische Mandln in den mediterranen Regionen
verzehrt. Mandelkerne in loser Form können schneller verderben,
da der natürliche Schutz nicht mehr vorhanden ist, Sie sollten
diese nicht wochenlang aufbewahren. Mandeln in der Schale sind mehrere
Monate lagerbar.
![](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../composition3.gif)
Der Nährwert
der Mandeln beträgt 2383kJ/100g (577kcal/100g). Sie enthalten viel
Mandelöl, wenig Zucker, B-Vitamine und Vitamin E. Unter allen Nüssen
sind Mandeln am besten mit Calcium (252mg), Magnesium (170mg) und mit
Kalium (835mg) vertreten. Eine wahre Schatzgrube an Mineralstoffen für
Ihren Körper. Mandeln wirken daneben Cholesterin-Spiegel senkend
und das Risiko vermindert sich, an Arteriosklerose und Herz-Kreislauf-Störungen
zu erkranken.
|
Wasser |
5,7% |
|
Kohlenhydrate |
3,7% |
|
Proteine |
18,7% |
|
Fette |
54,1% |
|
Rohfaser |
15,2% |
|
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![Mandeln mit Nußknacker](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/amande/amande2.gif) |
Die
poröse Schale läßt sich leicht mit einem gewöhnlichen
Nußknacker öffnen. Die Samenkerne sind noch von einem
hellbraunen Häutchen umschlossen, die man durch Einlegen in
warmes Wasser abziehen könnte, doch sie macht das Aroma der
Mandel aus.
zum
Nussknacker-Test |
Mandeln sind ganzjährig, meist als Weihnachtsartikel in Nußmischungen,
im Handel erhältlich. Die Erntezeit reicht von August bis Oktober.
Die
Herkunft des Mandelbaumes wird im Grenzbereich zwischen Südrußland,
Afghanistan und Iran vermutet. Seit 4000 Jahren wird er kultiviert.
Der Anbau erstreckt sich heutzutage über den gesamten Mittelmeerraum.
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![Getrocknete Mandeln in der Natur](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/amande/amande1.gif) |
Größter
Produzent sind die USA (mit einem idealen Klima in Kalifornien), danach
rangiert Spanien (Tarragona, Valencia, Murcia), Italien (Sizilien, Apulien),
Iran, Marokko, Griechenland, Türkei, Pakistan u.a. Auch in Deutschland
werden Mandelbäume am Oberrhein und in der Pfalz in geringen Mengen
kultiviert.
Der Mandelbaum gehört wie der Pfirsich-, Pflaumen-, Aprikosen-
und Kirschbaum zur Familie der Rosengewächse (Rosaceae).
![Mandeln am Baum](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/amande/amande6.gif) |
Das
Steinobst ist in frischer Form von einer grünen, fleischigen
Hülle eingeschlossen, die bei Reife aufspringt. Die hellbraune
Samenhaut enthält den genießbaren Samenkern. |
Wenn die Mandeln
halbwegs von der Sonne ausgetrocknet sind, werden die Bäume geschüttelt.
Ca. 1 Woche bleiben die Mandeln noch einmal auf dem Boden liegen, damit
sie gut durchtrocknen können sowie transport- und lagerfähig
werden.
![Frische Mandeln](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/amande/amande8.gif) |
Frische
Mandeln haben noch die grüne, fleischige Hülle, an ihnen
erkennt man den Aufbau der Frucht, der einer unreifen Aprikose gleicht.
Nur entwickelt sich bei der Mandel der Samenkern zum genießbaren
Teil. Als Vergleich können Sie die Kerne von Aprikosen aufbrechen
und erhaltenebenso
den Mandelkern, nur wesentlich bitterer. |
Die Schale der getrocknete Mandeln wird mit der Zeit immer poröser,
die Qualität wird jedoch nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Sortenvielfalt
ergibt sich aus den verschiedenen Anbauländern. Mandeln unterscheiden
sich in Größe, Form und Aroma. |
![Getrocknete Mandeln](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/amande/amande7.gif) |
![](accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../../accessories/../encyclopedia/famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../famille/../listen/../listen/../images/haut1.gif)
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